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In , a nursing home, the so-called Gravenreuth Stift , was founded by a private foundation in St. The cost of the building exceeded the funds of the foundation, but Margrave Frederick came to their aid.

Bayreuth experienced its Golden Age during the reign — of Margrave Frederick and Margravine Wilhelmina of Bayreuth , the favourite sister of Frederick the Great.

There was even a unique version of the rococo architectural style, the so-called Bayreuth Rococo which characterised the aforementioned buildings, especially their interior design.

The old, sombre gatehouses were demolished because they impeded transport and were an outmoded form of defence.

The walls were built over in places. Margrave Frederick successfully kept his principality out of the wars being waged by his brother-in-law, Frederick the Great, at this time, and, as a result, brought a time of peace to the Frankish kingdom.

The university has remained there to the present today. From to there was also an Academy of Arts and Sciences. Roman Catholics were given the right to set up a prayer room and Jewish families settled here again.

In the synagogue was opened and in the Jewish cemetery was dedicated. Countess Wilhelmina died in and, although, Margrave Frederick married again, the marriage was only short-lived and without issue.

After his death in , many artists and craftsmen migrated to Berlin and Potsdam, to work for King Frederick the Great, because Frederick's successor, Margrave Frederick Christian had little understanding of art.

He also lacked the means due to the elaborate lifestyle of his predecessor, because the buildings and the salaries of the mainly foreign artists had swallowed up a lot of money.

For example, the court - which under George Frederick Charles had comprised around people - had grown to about employees by the end of the reign of Margrave Frederick.

In , Margrave Charles Alexander , from the Ansbach line of Frankish Hohenzollerns, followed the childless Frederick Christian and Bayreuth was reduced to a secondary residence.

Charles Alexander continued to live in Ansbach and rarely came to Bayreuth. Following the abdication of the last Margrave, Charles Alexander, from the principalities of Ansbach and Bayreuth on 2 December its territories became part of a Prussian province.

The Prussian Minister Karl August von Hardenberg took over its administration at the beginning of The town centre still possesses the typical structure of a Bavarian street market: the settlement is grouped around a road widening into a square; the Town Hall was located in the middle.

The church stood apart from it and on a small hill stood the castle. Some sixty years later the town at that time a tiny village became subordinate to the Hohenzollern state, and when this state was divided, Bayreuth ended up in the County of Kulmbach.

In , the author Jean Paul Richter moved from Coburg to Bayreuth, where he lived until his death in The rule of the Hohenzollerns over the Principality of Kulmbach-Bayreuth ended in after the defeat of Prussia by Napoleonic France.

During the French occupation from to Bayreuth was treated as a province of the French Empire and had to pay high war contributions.

It was placed under the administration of Comte Camille de Tournon , who wrote a detailed inventory of the former Principality of Bayreuth.

On 30 June the French army handed over the former principality to what was now the Kingdom of Bavaria , which it had bought from Napoleon for 15 million francs.

Bayreuth became the capital of the Bavarian district of Mainkreis , which later transferred into Obermainkreis and was finally renamed as the province of Upper Franconia.

Bayreuth was first given a railway connexion in , when the Bayreuth—Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg railway was built at the town's expense.

It was followed in by the line to Weiden , in by the railway to Schnabelwaid , in by the branch line to Warmensteinach , in by the branch to Hollfeld and in by the branch via Thurnau to Kulmbach , known as the Thurnauer Bockala which means something like "Thurnau Goat".

On 17 April Richard Wagner visited Bayreuth, because he had read about the Margrave Opera House, whose great stage seemed fitting for his works.

However, the orchestra pit could not accommodate the large number of musicians required, for example, for the Ring of the Nibelung and the ambience of the auditorium seemed inappropriate for his piece.

At the same time Wagner acquired a property at Hofgarten to build his own house, Wahnfried. On 22 May the cornerstone for the Festival Hall was laid and, on 13 August , it was officially opened see Bayreuth Festival.

Planning and construction were in the hands of the Leipzig architect, Otto Brückwald , who had already made a name for himself in the building of theatres in Leipzig and Altenburg.

Both Liszt and Wagner are buried in Bayreuth; however Wagner did not die there. Rather he died in Venice in , but his family had his body brought to Bayreuth for burial.

The new century also brought several innovations of modern technology: in , the first electric street lights; in a municipal electricity station, and, in the same year, the first cinema.

In —15, one section of the northern arm of the Red Main was straightened and widened after areas along the river had been flooded during a period of high water in On 17 February , there was a three-day coup, the so-called Speckputsch , a brief interlude of excitement in the otherwise rather staid town.

There he met writer Houston Stewart Chamberlain , son-in-law of Richard Wagner and anti-semitic race theorist. Also on that day, Hans Schemm met Hitler for the first time.

In , the provinces of Upper and Middle Franconia were merged and Ansbach was chosen as the seat of government. As a small compensation, Bayreuth was given the merged state insurance agency for Upper and Middle Franconia.

Unlike the provincial merger, the merger of those institutions was never reversed. Being a stronghold of right-wing parties since the s, Bayreuth became a center of Nazi ideology.

Nazi leaders often visited the Wagner festival and tried to turn Bayreuth into a Nazi model town. It was one of several places in which town planning was administered directly from Berlin, due to Hitler's special interest in the town and in the festival.

Hitler loved the music of Richard Wagner, and he became a close friend of Winifred Wagner after she took over the festival.

Hitler frequently attended Wagner performances in the Bayreuth Festival Hall. Bayreuth was to have received a so-called Gauforum , a combined government building and marching square built to symbolise the centre of power in the town.

In the town was connected to the new Reichsautobahn. Under Nazi dictatorship the synagogue of the Jewish Community in Münzgasse was desecrated and looted on Kristallnacht but, due to its proximity to the Opera House it was not razed.

Inside the building, which is once again used by a Jewish community as a synagogue, a plaque next to the Torah Shrine recalls the persecution and murder of Jews in the Shoah , which took the lives of at least Jews in Bayreuth.

Ein besonderer Dank Für alle, die uns noch nicht kennen: durch die traumhafte Lage auf dem Petersberg ist unser Haus der ideale Ausgangspunkt für Besichtigungen der Barockstadt Fulda und für Ausflüge ins nicht weit entfernte Biosphärenreservat Rhön.

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